There are various kinds of executive actions that United States presidents may take.
Executive orders are issued to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself. Presidential memoranda are closely related, and have the force of law on the Executive Branch, but are generally considered less prestigious. Presidential memoranda do not have an established process for issuance, and unlike executive orders, they are not numbered. A presidential determination is a determination resulting in an official policy or position of the executive branch of the United States government. A presidential proclamation is a statement issued by a president on a matter of public policy issued under specific authority granted to the president by Congress and typically on a matter of widespread interest. Administrative orders are signed documents such as notices, letters, and orders that can be issued to conduct administrative operations of the federal government. A presidential notice or a presidential sequestration order can also be issued. National security directives1 operate like executive orders, but are only in the area of national security. They have been issued by different presidents under various names.
Listed below are executive orders numbered 13765–13984, presidential proclamations, presidential memoranda, presidential determinations, administrative orders, presidential notices, presidential sequestration orders, and national security presidential memoranda2 signed by U.S. president Donald Trump (2017–2021). In his first term he issued a total of 894 executive actions, of which 220 were executive orders.
45th presidency (first term)
Executive orders
United States presidents issue executive orders (in addition to other executive actions) to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself.
Donald Trump signed a total of 220 executive orders during his first term, from January 2017 to January 2021. As of January 2025, 72 of them (33%) have been revoked, many by his successor, Joe Biden.
Presidential proclamations
Donald Trump signed a total of 570 proclamations from January 2017 to January 2021.
Presidential memoranda
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Presidential determinations
FY2017
FY2018
FY2019
FY2020
FY2021
Administrative orders
Presidential notices
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Presidential sequestration orders
National security presidential memoranda
Discrepancies between White House versions and Federal Register versions
In February 2017, a review of presidential documents by USA Today showed that the White House posted inaccurate texts of Trump's executive orders on its website, conflicting with the official versions published in the Federal Register. Most of the differences were minor grammatical or typographic changes, but there were "two cases where the original text referred to inaccurate or non-existent provisions of law." This raised concerns among advocates for government transparency; the executive director of the Sunlight Foundation said that the "last-minute edits" to the orders indicated problems with the Trump administration's "vetting, sign-off, and publication processes for executive orders." The inaccuracies also prompted concern because the Federal Register versions of presidential documents are often published several days after they are signed, "meaning that the public must often rely on what the White House puts out." In the order on ethics guidelines for federal appointees, the WhiteHouse.gov section cites "section 207 of title 28, United States Code," which ProPublica found does not exist. The correct citation, made in the Federal Register version, is section 207 of title 18. Presidential determination no. 11 (Respect to the Efforts of Foreign Governments Regarding Trafficking in Persons) is not on whitehouse.gov,40 however, it is in the Federal Register.
47th presidency (second term)
Executive orders
See also
- Executive order
- List of executive actions by Barack Obama, EO #13489–13764 (2009–2017)
- List of executive orders in the first presidency of Donald Trump, EO #13765–13984 (2017–2021)
- List of executive actions by Joe Biden, EO #13985–14144 (2021–2025)
- List of executive orders in the second presidency of Donald Trump, EO #14145–present (2025–present)
- List of bills in the 115th United States Congress
- List of bills in the 116th United States Congress
- List of bills in the 119th United States Congress
- List of acts of the 119th United States Congress
References
Notes
Citations
Sources
External links
- Executive orders listed on the Federal Register's official website
- Executive orders, presidential memoranda, and presidential proclamations on the White House's official website
- GPO's Federal Digital System (FDsys) - Bulk Data, Download multiple issues of the Federal Register or latest Code of Federal Regulations in XML.
- Executive Office of the President
